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Backgammon Rules

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Rules of Backgammon

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The game of backgammon is played by two players on a board consisting of twenty-four narrow triangles called points. The triangles of alternating colors are grouped into four quadrants of six triangles each. The quadrants are referred to as a players' home boards and outer boards. The home and outer boards are separated from one another by a bar, a ridge running down the center of the board.

According to Backgammon rules, checkers are arranged according to each player's numbered points, starting in his home board. The outermost point is the twenty-four point, which is also the opponent's one point. Each player has fifteen checkers of his own color. In the initial arrangement, each player's checkers are set as follows: two on twenty-four point, five on thirteen point, three on eight point, and five six point.

The players may either share one pair of dice and a die shaking cup or use their own equipment. A doubling cube, with the numerals 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 on its faces, is used to keep track of the current stake in the game.

If, at the end of the game, the losing player has borne off at least one checker, he loses only the value showing on the doubling cube (one point, if there have been no doubles). However, if he has not borne off any of his checkers, the loser is considered gammoned and loses twice the value of the doubling cube. Still worse, if he has not borne off any of his checkers and still has a checker on the bar or in the winner's home board, he is backgammoned and loses three times the doubling cube's value.
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